Rumi—Beyond Medicine: Healers Fail to Cure the Maiden; The King Seeks Divine Intervention. In His Dream, He Encounters God (Part II of Masnavi’s King and The Maiden Tale)
Rumi’s Masnavi — Chapter One — Poem 3: “The appearance of the wise men's inability to treat the maid and the king’s turning to God and seeing him as a guardian in a dream”
Dive into the mystical depths of Rumi’s Masnavi, where this Masnavi’s first chapter's third poem emerges not merely as a continuation of the second poem ‘King and the Maiden’ tale but as a pivotal spiritual journey, transcending the boundaries of mere text to become a vessel of profound enlightenment. Crafted in the 13th century CE by the legendary Persian Sufi poet Jalaluddin Rumi, this poem is a gem in the vast ocean of spiritual literature, embodying the quest for divine connection and the essence of human existence.
Rumi, whose name resonates with the echoes of divine love and mystical exploration, gifts us in this poem of the Masnavi a narrative rich with symbolism, metaphysical questions, and the soul’s yearning for the Divine. This work is a segment of a larger masterpiece, famed for its ability to intertwine profound spiritual insights with the elegance of poetic expression, mapping a journey that is both inward and expansive, personal and universal.
The backdrop of this poem is a tale of a king’s divine pursuit, a narrative device Rumi employs to delve into the complexities of faith, repentance, and the transformative power of divine grace. Through the king’s actions—his solitary rush to the mosque, his tears of surrender, and the revelatory dream—a multifaceted spiritual lesson unfolds, one that speaks of the ego’s dissolution and the soul’s awakening to the omnipresent love of the Divine.
The poem transcends its historical context, reaching out to readers across centuries with its timeless themes of seeking, finding, and being transformed by divine love and longing. It navigates the complex terrain of the human heart, exploring the shadows cast by the ego and the luminous path illuminated by faith and surrender. The king’s narrative is a mirror reflecting our own spiritual journeys, filled with moments of doubt, revelation, and the eventual tranquilly found in divine surrender.
شه چو عجز آن حکیمان را بدید
پابرهنه جانب مسجد دوید
When wisdom failed, the king in haste,
To the mosque ran, no moment to waste.
Literal Translation
When the king saw the incompetence of those wise men,
He ran barefoot towards the mosque.
Prelude
The King’s Realisation and Humility: The “king” in this verse can be interpreted as a metaphor for the human soul or self, which realises the limitations or ‘incompetence’ of worldly wisdom or ‘those wise men’s rationale’. This realization prompts a journey towards spiritual enlightenment, signified by ‘running towards the mosque’. The act of running barefoot symbolises humility and urgency. In Sufism, the path to God is often marked by humility and the shedding of worldly trappings, which the bare feet symbolize.
Journey to Spiritual Awakening: The mosque (a Muslim place of worship) is a significant symbol in Islamic culture, representing a place of worship and spiritual connection with the divine. The king’s action of running towards the mosque signifies an earnest and passionate pursuit of spiritual truth and connection with the divine. This journey is not just physical but also metaphorical, representing the soul’s quest to move away from worldly distractions and towards spiritual enlightenment.
Critique of Earthly Wisdom: Rumi often critiqued the reliance on human rational thought and rudimentary worldly knowledge as being inadequate for understanding the divine. In this verse, the incompetence of the wise men may represent the limitations of raw human knowledge in comprehending the mysteries of the divine and his established physical universal laws. It suggests that true understanding requires not just intellectual pursuit but also a heartfelt spiritual journey, or ‘getting baked’ — Rumi’s most often used phrase.
The Urgency of the Spiritual Quest: The king’s action of running rather than walking indicates an urgency in seeking spiritual truth. This reflects Rumi’s belief in the importance of seizing the moment to embark on the spiritual path, suggesting that the quest for divine truth is not to be delayed.
Interpretation
This couplet from Rumi beautifully encapsulates the journey of the soul from recognising the limitations of worldly wisdom to actively seeking spiritual enlightenment. It emphasises the importance of humility, the critique of relying solely on intellect, and the urgent need to embark on the spiritual path. This verse, like much of Rumi’s work, invites the reader to reflect on their own spiritual journey and the true nature of wisdom and enlightenment.
رفت در مسجد سوی محراب شد
سجدهگاه از اشک شه پر آب شد
Into sacred space, his path he wove,
Tears on prayer niche, a watery trove.
Literal Translation
He went into the mosque; he became directed towards the prayer niche.
The place of prostration became wet with the king’s tears.
Prelude
Entering the Mosque and Facing the Mihrab: The act of entering the mosque and turning towards the mihrab (the prayer niche where the prayer leader stands—indicating the direction of the prayer and ultimately Kaaba in Mecca) is highly symbolic. In Rumi’s poetry, physical actions often reflect inner spiritual states. Here, entering the mosque signifies a shift from the external world to an internal, sacred space. The mihrab represents not just a physical direction for prayer but a spiritual direction towards divine presence and enlightenment.
Tears as a Symbol of Spiritual Awakening: The king’s tears filling the place of prostration is a powerful image. In Sufi thought, tears are often seen as a sign of contrition, humility, and a deep emotional response to the divine. These tears are not of worldly sorrow but are shed in awe, love for God, and separation from him (lamentation concept explained here). They purify the heart, washing away the ego (most often stressed on in Sufi philosophy) and worldly concerns, symbolising priorities and a deep, intimate connection with the divine.
The Transformation through Prayer: The act of prostration in prayer, especially in the Islamic tradition, is a moment of complete submission to God. The king’s tears in the place of prostration symbolise a transformation through prayer. It’s an expression of the soul’s surrender to and longing for the divine, a moment where the king (or the soul) abandons his ego and worldly status to humble himself before God.
The Intensity of Spiritual Experience: The imagery of the prayer place becoming filled with tears also conveys the intensity of the spiritual experience. It’s not a passive act but an overwhelming, active engagement of the body and soul in its search for and communion with the divine. This intensity reflects the depth of the king’s spiritual awakening and his profound emotional and spiritual response to the divine presence.
Interpretation
These lines from Rumi’s “Masnavi” beautifully illustrate the profound spiritual transformation that takes place within the soul that earnestly seeks the divine. The physical act of entering the mosque and facing the mihrab transcends into a deeply spiritual experience, where tears of humility and love mark a profound moment of submission and connection with God. This couplet invites readers to reflect on the depth and intensity of their own spiritual experiences and the transformative power of sincere prayer and humility before the divine.
چون به خویش آمد ز غرقاب فنا
خوش زبان بگشاد در مدح و دعا
From the depths of nothing, he found his voice,
In praises and prayers, his heart did rejoice.
Literal Translation
When he came to himself from the abyss of annihilation,
He joyfully opened his mouth in praise and supplication
Emergence from the Abyss of Annihilation: The phrase “چون به خویش آمد ز غرقاب فنا” (when he came to himself from the abyss of annihilation) speaks to a deep spiritual awakening. In Sufi philosophy, ‘fana’ refers to the annihilation of the ego or self. This is a state where the individual’s consciousness is completely submerged in the divine. Emerging from this ‘abyss’ (immeasurable depth) implies a return to self-awareness after a profound spiritual experience.
Joyful Praise and Supplication: The latter part of the couplet, “خوش زبان بگشاد در مدح و دعا” (he joyfully opened his mouth in praise and supplication), reflects the natural response to such a deep spiritual experience. The joy here is not just happiness but a profound and overwhelming sense of gratitude and connection with the divine. This expression of praise and supplication is an acknowledgment of the divine’s greatness and a humble request for continued guidance and support.
The Transformation of the Self: This couplet encapsulates a transformational moment in the spiritual journey. The return ‘to himself’ suggests a new level of self-awareness and understanding. It’s not a return to the former self but an awakening to a higher consciousness shaped by the experience of annihilation.
The Duality of Existence and Non-Existence: Rumi often explores the concept of existing both within and beyond the physical realm. This couplet can be seen as illustrating the delicate balance between living in the material world (existence) and experiencing the spiritual realm (non-existence or annihilation), or as if existing within the fabric of time and space and beyond all at the same time—simultaneously as the human soul is eternal and ever-existing. The duality concept is used to illustrate that humans exist both out and within the fabric of time and space all at once without perceiving it.
Interpretation
This couplet portrays a powerful moment of spiritual rebirth. The individual, having experienced the profound dissolution of the ego or self in the divine (fana), emerges transformed. This transformation is marked by a profound joy and an immediate turn towards divine praise and supplication. It’s a moment of deep gratitude where the individual, enlightened by their experience, acknowledges the divine’s omnipotence and seeks continued spiritual guidance. This verse beautifully captures the essence of the spiritual journey in Sufism, where the ultimate goal is not just the annihilation of the ego (in Sufi ideology, one of the most significant barriers between the individual soul and the divine is the the ego), but the rebirth into a higher, more divine-conscious state.
کای کمینه بخششت مُلک جهان
من چه گویم چون تو میدانی نهان
“O Giver of worlds, in Your hand all is concealed,
My words are null, for to You all is revealed.”
Literal Translation
Oh, whose generosity encompasses the kingdom of the world,
What can I say when You know all that is hidden?
Prelude
Acknowledgment of Divine Generosity: The first line, “Oh, whose generosity encompasses the kingdom of the world,” acknowledges the boundless generosity and benevolence of the divine. In Sufism, the divine is often recognised as the ultimate giver, whose generosity extends beyond human comprehension, encompassing not just the material world but also the spiritual realms. This line expresses a deep sense of awe and gratitude towards this all-encompassing benevolence.
The Omniscience of the Divine: The second line, “What can I say when You know all that is hidden?” highlights the omniscience of the divine. It reflects a profound understanding that the divine is aware of everything, even the most hidden thoughts and feelings. This line reveals a sense of humility and surrender, acknowledging that human understanding and expression are limited and that the divine knows the depths of our souls, beyond what we can communicate, because our souls originate from the divine, and the divine is inherent within all of us.
The Human-Divine Relationship: This couplet beautifully captures the essence of the human-divine relationship as understood in Sufi philosophy. It is a relationship marked by profound respect, love, and recognition of the divine’s omnipotence and omniscience. The speaker here is not just expressing reverence but also a deep personal connection with the divine, rooted in the understanding that the divine knows us more intimately than we know ourselves.
The Limitations of Human Expression: By saying, “What can I say?” the poet acknowledges the limitations of human language and expression in conveying the depth of spiritual experience or understanding. This reflects a common theme in mystical literature, where the ineffability of divine experiences is often highlighted. It suggests that true understanding and communication with the divine transcend spoken language.
Interpretation
This couplet reflects the deep spiritual insights characteristic of his work. It expresses a profound recognition of the divine’s boundless generosity and omniscience, highlighting the limitations of human understanding and expression in the face of the divine’s infinite knowledge. This verse embodies the essence of humility, reverence, and the intimate, personal connection that lies at the heart of the human-divine relationship in Sufism. It invites the reader to reflect on the nature of this relationship and the depth of understanding that comes from recognising and accepting the divine’s omnipresence and omnipotence as a part of us and everyone and everything surrounding us originating from him.
ای همیشه حاجت ما را پناه
بار دیگر ما غلط کردیم راه
You, the shelter of desires I implore,
I erred again, my path astray once more.
Literal Translation
O always the refuge for our needs,
Again, we have strayed from the path.
Prelude
Divine Refuge in Times of Need: The first line, “O always the refuge for our needs,” speaks to the concept of the divine as an eternal sanctuary. In Sufi thought, the divine is not only a creator but also a protector and guide for humanity. This line encapsulates the profound belief that, in times of need, uncertainty, or despair, one can always turn to the divine for shelter and guidance. It’s a recognition of the divine’s unchanging and reliable presence in the ever-fluctuating journey of life.
Acknowledgment of Human Error: The second line, “Again, we have strayed from the path,” reflects a candid admission of human error and the propensity to deviate from the righteous path. It’s an acknowledgment of the inherent imperfections and weaknesses in human nature. The word ‘again’ is particularly poignant, suggesting a repetitive cycle of errors and missteps and emphasising the human tendency to repeatedly lose direction in the moral and spiritual landscape of life.
The Cycle of Straying and Returning: This couplet beautifully captures a fundamental aspect of the human experience—the cyclical nature of straying and returning. It portrays the human soul as constantly oscillating between losing its way and seeking refuge in the divine. This cycle is not depicted as a failure but as an inherent part of the human condition and spiritual growth.
Humility in Seeking Forgiveness: The act of acknowledging one’s mistakes and seeking refuge in the divine is an expression of humility and self-awareness. It’s an understanding that despite our best efforts, we are prone to errors and that true guidance and correction come from a higher power. This humility is a cornerstone of spiritual development in Sufism.
Interpretation
This couplet from Rumi’s “Masnavi” weaves a narrative of the human journey, marked by a repetitive cycle of deviation and return, error and forgiveness. It highlights the divine as a constant refuge, a source of unending support and guidance amidst our human frailties and mistakes. This verse is a poignant reminder of our need for the divine’s grace in navigating the complex path of life, emphasising the importance of humility, self-reflection, and the pursuit of spiritual growth. It resonates deeply with the universal human experience of seeking direction and solace in a higher power, especially in moments of uncertainty and error.
لیک گفتی گرچه میدانم سرت
زود هم پیدا کنش بر ظاهرت
Though You know my essence, my inner fray,
“Reveal,” You said, “bring forth into day.”
Literal Translation
Though you said, ‘I know your secret,
Quickly make it apparent on your exterior.
Prelude
Divine Knowledge of Inner Secrets: The first line, “Though you said, ‘I know your secret’,” suggests a dialogue with the divine, acknowledging that the divine is aware of the innermost secrets, thoughts, or aspects of a person’s soul. This line reflects the Sufi belief in the omniscience of the divine, who understands the deepest and most hidden parts of our being.
Call for External Manifestation of Inner Truths: The second line, “Quickly also make it apparent on your exterior,” is a plea for these inner truths or qualities to be made visible in the individual’s external actions and life. It implies that knowledge or awareness of one’s inner state is not sufficient; there should be a congruence between the internal state and external behaviour.
The Alignment of Internal and External Selves: This couplet speaks to the importance of aligning one’s inner spiritual state with outward actions. It’s not enough to harbour love, wisdom, or understanding internally; these qualities must be manifested in how one interacts with the world. This external manifestation is a form of sincerity and authenticity, vital in Sufi philosophy.
The Divine as a Catalyst for Transformation: The plea to make the inner truth apparent externally can also be seen as a request for divine assistance in transforming oneself. It acknowledges that while the divine knows our inner reality, we seek divine help to reflect this reality in our daily lives.
The Journey from Internal Realisation to External Expression: This couplet encapsulates a spiritual journey: the movement from understanding or realising a truth internally to expressing and living that truth externally. It highlights a dynamic process of spiritual growth and authenticity.
Interpretation
Rumi’s couplet weaves a profound narrative about the journey of spiritual authenticity, where the divine’s understanding of our innermost secrets serves as a foundation for a plea to manifest these truths in our external lives. It emphasises the importance of aligning our inner selves with our outward actions, reflecting a true and sincere expression of our spiritual state. This couplet invites introspection and action, urging us to transform our inner realisations into visible, tangible expressions in the world, thereby creating a harmonious balance between our internal and external worlds.
چون برآورد از میان جان خروش
اندر آمد بحر بخشایش به جوش
His soul’s outcry lifted high and above,
Stirring the seas of forgiveness and love.
Literal Translation
When a tumult arose from within the soul,
The sea of forgiveness began to boil.
Prelude
Inner Turmoil and Awakening: The phrase “چون برآورد از میان جان خروش” (when a tumult arose from within the soul) vividly describes an internal upheaval or awakening within the soul. This turmoil could represent a moment of profound realisation, a spiritual crisis, or a deep questioning of one’s beliefs and values. Rumi often speaks to these moments of inner conflict as necessary for spiritual growth, suggesting that such turmoil can lead to a deeper understanding of oneself and one’s place in the cosmos.
Divine Grace in Response to Struggle: The second part, “اندر آمد بحر بخشایش به جوش” (the sea of forgiveness began to boil), is a metaphorical depiction of the divine’s response to this inner struggle. The ‘sea of forgiveness’ boiling over is a powerful image that suggests an overflowing of divine grace and compassion. This line indicates that in response to the soul’s turmoil, there is an abundant, almost overwhelming, outpouring of forgiveness and mercy from the divine.
The Transformative Power of Divine Mercy: The imagery of boiling suggests transformation and change. Just as boiling water changes form, so too does the soul undergo a transformation under the divine’s mercy. This can be seen as a purifying process, where the soul’s turmoil and inner conflict are met with divine grace, leading to purification, renewal, and spiritual growth.
The Interplay of Human Experience and Divine Compassion: This couplet beautifully captures the dynamic interplay between human experience and divine compassion. It suggests that our inner struggles and conflicts are not just personal trials but are also opportunities for experiencing the divine’s boundless mercy. This perspective is central to Rumi’s teaching, where personal turmoil serves as a catalyst for divine intervention (the gradual fading of the veil between the soul and God) and transformation.
Interpretation
This couplet from Rumi’s “Masnavi” eloquently illustrates the journey of the soul from inner turmoil to divine grace. It portrays the soul’s internal conflict as a precursor to a transformative outpouring of forgiveness from the divine. This verse encapsulates the essence of spiritual growth in Sufism, where moments of inner upheaval are seen not just as challenges but as opportunities for experiencing the profound mercy and transformative power of the divine. It’s a narrative of hope, renewal, and the redemptive power of divine grace in the face of personal struggles and spiritual crises.
درمیان گریه خوابش در ربود
دید در خواب او که پیری رو نمود
In tears’ embrace, sleep whispered a tale,
A vision of guidance, through the mystical veil.
Literal Translation
In the midst of weeping, sleep overtook him,
In the dream, he saw an elder appearing.
Prelude
The Paradox of Weeping and Sleep: The first line, “In the midst of weeping, sleep overtook him,” presents a poignant juxtaposition. The act of weeping symbolises deep emotional turmoil or spiritual longing, while the onset of sleep amidst this sorrow implies a surrender to a different state of consciousness. This transition from waking grief to sleep can be seen as a metaphor for the soul’s journey from the pain of worldly existence to the tranquilly of spiritual insight or revelation.
The Appearance of the Elder in the Dream: The second line, “In the dream, he saw an elder appearing,” introduces a significant figure in Sufi literature—the wise elder or spiritual guide. Dreams, in Sufi thought, are often considered a realm where spiritual truths are revealed. The appearance of the elder in the dream can symbolise the arrival of wisdom or guidance at a moment of great need. The elder’s appearance signifies a turning point, offering insight, solace, or a new perspective on the weeper’s troubles.
The Transformative Power of Spiritual Visions: The encounter with the elder in the dream can be seen as a moment of transformation. It suggests that in our deepest moments of despair or confusion, there is potential for profound spiritual awakening or guidance. This encounter underscores the idea that spiritual growth often occurs in moments of vulnerability or crisis.
The Interconnection of the Material and Spiritual Realms: This couplet beautifully captures the interplay between the material world (represented by weeping) and the spiritual realm (represented by the dream and the elder). It suggests that our emotional experiences in the physical world can be gateways to deeper spiritual understanding and encounters.
Interpretation
This couplet elegantly portrays a moment of spiritual awakening arising from a state of deep emotional distress. The transition from weeping to sleeping and the subsequent dream vision of an elder embodies the journey from worldly sorrow to spiritual enlightenment. It highlights the transformative potential of spiritual visions and the appearance of guidance in moments of despair. This verse encapsulates a key theme in Sufism: the profound connection between our emotional experiences in the material world and our spiritual growth and understanding. It is a narrative of hope and transformation, suggesting that even in our darkest moments, there are opportunities for profound spiritual awakening and guidance.
گفت ای شه مژده حاجاتت رواست
گر غریبی آیدت فردا ز ماست
“Good tidings, O King, your prayers heard,
A stranger comes, by our word stirred.”
Literal Translation
He said, ‘O King, glad tidings, your needs will be fulfilled,
If a stranger comes to you tomorrow, they are from Us
Prelude
Divine Assurance to the King: The first line, “He said, ‘O King, glad tidings, your needs will be fulfilled,’” presents a moment of divine reassurance and prophecy. The address to the king (a figure often symbolising the individual soul in Rumi’s poetry) carries a message of hope and fulfilment. This line reflects the theme that divine providence is always at work, often in ways that are not immediately apparent. It conveys the message that one’s deepest needs and quests, especially those of a spiritual nature, are under the watchful eye of the divine and will be addressed in due time.
The Arrival of the Unexpected Stranger: The second line, “If a stranger comes to you tomorrow, they are from Us,” introduces an element of divine mystery and intervention. In Sufi thought, strangers often symbolise unanticipated guides or bearers of wisdom. The arrival of a stranger ‘from Us’ (implying from the divine) signifies that spiritual guidance or answers often come in unexpected forms and from unforeseen sources. This line suggests that the fulfilment of the king’s needs will be through an encounter that is both surprising and divinely ordained.
The Interplay of Destiny and Divine Will: This couplet beautifully captures the interplay between human destiny and divine will. It suggests that while humans may have plans and desires, the ultimate fulfilment of these comes through the mysterious workings of the divine cosmic laws of the universe. The mention of ‘tomorrow’ indicates that the future holds surprises and that divine intervention or cosmic laws performance often comes at a time and in a manner that one least expects.
The Openness to Receive Divine Messages: The narrative woven by this couplet emphasizes the importance of being open to receiving guidance in various forms. The king’s encounter with the stranger signifies the need to be receptive to the unexpected, to recognise and welcome the divine in the guise of the unfamiliar or the stranger.
Interpretation
In this couplet, Rumi artfully conveys a message of divine reassurance, the unexpected nature of spiritual encounters, and the mysterious workings of fate and destiny. It illustrates that divine messages and fulfilment of needs often come through surprising channels and encounters. The verse invites reflection on the nature of divine assistance, encouraging openness to the myriad ways in which spiritual guidance can manifest in one’s life. It’s a narrative that intertwines hope, anticipation, and profound belief in the unseen workings of the divine in fulfilling the soul’s deepest needs and quests.
چونکه آید او حکیمی حاذقست
صادقش دان کو امین و صادقست
A sage of deep knowing, in him trust find,
True and faithful, of the rarest kind.
Literal Translation
When he arrives, know that he is a skilled sage,
Recognise him as honest and trustworthy.
Prelude
Recognition of a Skilled Sage: The first line, “When he arrives, know that he is a skilled sage,” speaks to the arrival of a figure endowed with wisdom and skill. In Rumi’s work, the sage, or wise person, often symbolises a spiritual guide or teacher. This line suggests anticipation and preparation for the arrival of someone who possesses profound wisdom and understanding. It reflects the Sufi value of recognising and respecting spiritual authority and guidance when it presents itself.
The Attributes of the Sage—Honesty and Trustworthiness: The second line, "Recognise him as honest and trustworthy,” emphasises the essential virtues of the sage. In the context of Sufism, honesty (صادق) and trustworthiness (امین) are crucial qualities of a true spiritual guide. This line advises that true wisdom is not just about knowledge but also about integrity and reliability. It implies that a genuine spiritual teacher not only imparts knowledge but also embodies truthfulness and moral steadfastness.
The Interplay of External Appearance and Inner Qualities: This couplet points to the idea that true wisdom and guidance are not always immediately apparent from external appearances but are recognised through the qualities of honesty and trustworthiness. It’s an invitation to look beyond the surface and discern the true nature of those who claim to impart wisdom.
The Readiness to Receive Guidance: The narrative woven here also suggests a state of readiness and openness to receive guidance. The use of ‘when he arrives’ implies an expectation and a readiness to embrace the teachings and guidance of a sage when they appear. This reflects a key aspect of the spiritual journey in Sufism—the readiness to learn and grow under the guidance of a true teacher.
Interpretation
This couplet beautifully encapsulates the anticipation and recognition of true spiritual guidance. It emphasises the importance of discerning the inner qualities of honesty and trustworthiness in a spiritual guide, beyond their external appearance or demeanour. This verse speaks to the heart of the spiritual journey, highlighting the need for discernment, respect for wisdom, and openness to guidance. It invites the reader to reflect on the qualities that define true wisdom and the importance of being ready to embrace such guidance when it arrives in one’s life.
در علاجش سِحر مطلق را ببین
در مزاجش قدرت حق را ببین
His cure magical, a sight to behold,
In his essence, the Divine’s power told.
Literal Translation
In his cure, see the absolute magic,
In his temperament, see the power of the Divine.
Prelude
The Mystical Element in Healing: The first line, “In his cure, see the absolute magic,” speaks to the mystical aspect of healing. Here, Rumi uses the term ‘absolute magic’ (سِحر مطلق) to describe a kind of healing that transcends ordinary understanding. This ‘magic’ is not the kind of trickery or illusion but a profound, almost miraculous transformation. It suggests that true healing, whether it be physical, emotional, or spiritual, has an element that goes beyond the tangible and enters the realm of the mystical. This line reflects the Sufi belief in the miraculous nature of divine intervention in the healing process.
Divine Power Manifested in Personality: The second line, “In his temperament, see the power of the Divine,” emphasises that the divine’s power is not only an external force but also something that can be manifested within an individual’s very nature or temperament. Here, Rumi is likely referring to a spiritual guide or enlightened being whose very presence and character reflect divine attributes. The phrase ‘power of the Divine’ (قدرت حق) implies that the individual’s qualities are not merely personal but are imbued with the essence of the divine. This line invites the reader to recognise and respect the divine qualities that can be manifested in human beings.
The Interplay of the Human and the Divine: This couplet poetically illustrates the interplay between the human and the divine. It suggests that divine forces operate in the realms of both healing and human character. The ‘cure’ and the ‘temperament’ are seen as spaces where the mystical and the divine power manifest, offering insights into the sacred aspects of existence.
The Recognition of Divine Presence in Everyday Life: The narrative woven here also speaks to the idea of recognising the divine in all aspects of life. It’s a call to see beyond the surface and acknowledge the deeper, more mystical forces at play—in the healing processes we experience and the people we encounter.
Interpretation
Rumi’s elegantly captures the essence of the mystical and divine in the context of healing and human character. It portrays healing as a process imbued with ‘absolute magic’ and a person’s temperament as a reflection of divine power. This verse invites contemplation on the profound interconnections between the human and the divine, encouraging a deeper appreciation and recognition of the mystical and sacred elements in our lives. It’s a narrative that enriches the understanding of healing and human nature with spiritual depth and insight.
چون رسید آن وعدهگاه و روز شد
آفتاب از شرق اخترسوز شد
The dawn arrived, the promise to see,
Sun ablaze, a beacon of destiny.
Literal Translation
When the appointed time arrived and it became day,
The sun rose in the east, burning the stars.
Prelude
The Arrival of the Appointed Time: The first line, “When the appointed time arrived and it became day,” speaks to the fulfilment of a promise or a prophecy at a predetermined time. In Sufi poetry, the concept of an ‘appointed time’ often refers to a moment of spiritual significance — a time when something deeply transformative is destined to occur. This line captures the anticipation and culmination of a significant spiritual event, symbolizing a moment of realization or enlightenment that has been awaited.
The Symbolism of the Rising Sun: The second line, “The sun rose in the east, burning the stars,” uses the imagery of the sunrise to symbolize enlightenment and the overpowering nature of truth. In many spiritual traditions, the sun is a powerful symbol of knowledge, illumination, and the divine. The rising sun ‘burning the stars’ signifies the overwhelming and all-consuming power of this enlightenment. It implies that with the arrival of true understanding, lesser truths or prior understandings (represented by the stars) are overshadowed or rendered insignificant.
The Transition from Darkness to Light: The imagery of the transition from night to day symbolizes the journey from ignorance to knowledge, from unawareness to enlightenment. It reflects the Sufi belief in the transformative power of spiritual awakening, where the light of truth dispels the darkness of ignorance.
The Universality of the Moment of Enlightenment: The specific mention of the sun rising in the east and its effect on the stars suggests a universal event, impacting all realms of existence. This can be seen as a metaphor for the universal nature of spiritual truth — when it reveals itself, its impact is all-encompassing and inescapable.
Interpretation
This couplet from Rumi’s “Masnavi” beautifully encapsulates the moment of spiritual fulfilment and enlightenment. It portrays the arrival of a significant moment of realisation, symbolized by the powerful imagery of the sunrise. This verse speaks to the transformative power of spiritual awakening, where the light of truth not only illuminates but also overwhelms all other realities. It’s a narrative that evokes the universal impact of enlightenment and the journey from darkness to light, inviting reflection on the moments of profound realization in our own lives.
بود اندر منظره شه منتظر
تا ببیند آنچه بنمودند سر
Awaiting the reveal, the king’s gaze keen,
For the secrets unveiled, to finally be seen.
Literal Translation
The king was in the viewing place, waiting,
To see what secrets would be revealed.
Anticipation of the King: The first line, “The king was in the viewing place, waiting,” sets a scene of anticipation and readiness. The ‘king’, often a metaphor for the soul or the self in Sufi poetry, is portrayed as being in a place of observation, poised and expectant. This ‘viewing place’ could symbolize a state of mental or spiritual preparedness, where one is ready to receive wisdom or insights. The image of the king waiting suggests a moment of pause before a significant revelation or event.
The Unfolding of Mysteries: The second line, “To see what secrets would be revealed,” speaks to the heart of the spiritual journey — the unveiling of deeper truths and mysteries. In Rumi’s poetry, the revelation of secrets often implies a deeper understanding of the divine or the self. This line evokes a sense of mystery and the excitement of impending enlightenment. It suggests that the king (or the soul) is on the cusp of gaining profound insights that were previously hidden or unknown.
The Role of Patience in Spiritual Discovery: The narrative of the king waiting in a viewing place also highlights the role of patience in the journey of discovery. The king’s act of waiting suggests that revelation comes in its own time and cannot be rushed. It implies a trust in the process of spiritual unfolding, where patience is as important as the desire for knowledge.
The Link Between Observation and Enlightenment: The couplet also subtly suggests that observation and attentiveness are key to enlightenment. The king is not just waiting; he is in a ‘viewing place’, indicating an active role in seeking and understanding the revelations that are to come. This portrays the idea that spiritual enlightenment is not a passive experience; it requires active engagement and a readiness to perceive and understand.
Interpretation
This couplet from Rumi’s “Masnavi” beautifully captures a moment of anticipation and readiness for spiritual enlightenment. It portrays the soul, symbolised by the king, as being in a state of preparedness to receive and comprehend profound truths. The verse conveys the excitement and mystery associated with the unfolding of spiritual insights and emphasizes the importance of patience, observation, and active engagement in the journey towards enlightenment. It invites the reader to reflect on their own moments of anticipation and readiness for deeper understanding in their spiritual journey.
دید شخصی فاضلی پرمایهای
آفتابی درمیان سایهای
A figure of wisdom, a radiant might,
Amidst shadows, a beacon of light.
Literal Translation
He saw a person, a virtuous and valuable one,
A sun amidst the shadow.
Prelude
Encounter with a Virtuous and Valuable Person: The first line, “He saw a person, a virtuous and valuable one,” sets the scene for an encounter with a remarkable individual. This person is described as ‘فاضلی پرمایهای’ (a virtuous and valuable one), suggesting someone of great moral character and worth. In Rumi’s poetry, such encounters are often symbolic of meeting a spiritual guide or someone who embodies deep wisdom and insight. The description implies that this individual possesses qualities that are not only admirable but also deeply enriching to those who come into contact with them.
The Metaphor of the Sun Amidst Shadow: The second line, “A sun amidst the shadow,” uses powerful imagery to describe the impact of this virtuous person. The metaphor of the sun represents enlightenment, warmth, and life-giving energy, while the shadow signifies the surrounding challenges, ignorance, or difficulties of life. The presence of the sun (the virtuous person) amidst the shadow (life’s challenges) suggests that this individual brings light, understanding, and clarity to situations that are otherwise difficult or obscured. It implies that their wisdom and virtue have the power to illuminate and transform the environment around them.
The Contrast Between Illumination and Obscurity: The imagery of light and shadow in this couplet also speaks to the contrast between enlightenment and ignorance, virtue and vice, clarity and confusion. It reflects the idea that true wisdom and virtue shine brightly even in the midst of darkness or challenges, providing guidance and clarity.
The Role of the Enlightened in the World: The narrative of the sun amidst the shadow symbolizes the role of enlightened individuals in the world. Just as the sun illuminates and nurtures life, so do virtuous and wise individuals bring understanding and growth to those around them. This line invites reflection on the impact of such individuals and the importance of seeking and recognizing the ‘suns’ in our own lives.
Interpretation
This couplet from beautifully captures the encounter with an individual of deep virtue and wisdom, using the metaphor of a sun shining amidst the shadow to illustrate their impact. It conveys the transformative power of wisdom and virtue in bringing light to the darkness and clarity to confusion. This verse encourages appreciation and recognition of those who illuminate our lives with their insight and virtue, reminding us of the profound influence such individuals can have in our personal journeys and the world at large.
میرسید از دور مانند هلال
نیست بود و هست بر شکل خیال
Approaching, a crescent, both here and not,
A being of dreams, in the waking thought.
Literal Translation
Approaching from a distance like a crescent moon,
He was non-existent and existent, like a form in imagination
Prelude
The Ethereal Approach of the Crescent Moon: The first line, “Approaching from a distance like a crescent moon,” paints a picture of something elusive and delicate emerging into perception. The crescent moon, often a symbol of subtlety, transition, and growth in literature and mysticism, here represents a gradual and gentle revelation. This imagery evokes the idea of something profound and significant coming into being, yet in a manner that is almost intangible, like the slender arc of the crescent moon in the sky.
Existence and Non-Existence as Imaginative Forms: The second line, “He was non-existent and existent, like a form in imagination,” delves deep into the Sufi understanding of existence. In Sufi philosophy, the boundaries between existence and non-existence are often blurred, revealing a deeper truth about the illusory nature of the material world. This line suggests that the subject, possibly a spiritual entity or concept, exists in a state that transcends conventional understanding of being and not being. It exists in the way an image or idea exists in the imagination — intangible yet undeniable, ephemeral yet impactful.
The Interplay of Perception and Reality: This couplet beautifully captures the mystical interplay between perception and reality. The comparison to a form in imagination implies that our understanding of reality is often limited to our perceptions, which can be as fleeting and insubstantial as images in a dream. It reflects Rumi’s exploration of the theme that the physical world is a shadow of a higher, more profound reality.
The Elusive Nature of Spiritual Truths: The narrative woven here speaks to the elusive nature of spiritual truths and enlightenment. Just as the crescent moon is a subtle presence in the night sky and the figments of imagination are fleeting, so are the profound truths of the universe. They are there, yet not fully graspable; present, yet not in a way that can be easily defined or confined within conventional understanding.
Interpretation
This Masnavi’s couplet artfully illustrates the ethereal and elusive nature of spiritual understanding and existence. It uses the imagery of the crescent moon and a form in the imagination to convey the subtlety and complexity of perceiving and understanding deeper truths. The verse invites reflection on the nature of existence and the ways in which our perception shapes our understanding of reality, encouraging a contemplation of the mystical and often elusive nature of spiritual knowledge and enlightenment.
نیستوش باشد خیال اندر روان
تو جهانی بر خیالی بین روان
In this play of existence, a dance of shadows and light,
A world spun on illusions, ever so bright.
Literal Translation
His non-existence is an illusion in the soul,
You see a world based on an illusion in motion.
Prelude
The Illusion of Non-Existence: The first line, “His non-existence is an illusion in the soul,” speaks to the idea that what we perceive as non-existence or absence is, in fact, an illusion — a trick of perception or understanding. In Sufi philosophy, there’s often an exploration of the idea that what we perceive as reality is merely a reflection or a shadow of a higher truth. This line suggests that what we often consider as ‘non-existent’ have a presence or reality that our soul or consciousness is not fully able to comprehend.
The World as a Perpetual Illusion: The second line, “You see a world based on an illusion in motion,” extends this concept of illusion to the entire world. It implies that the world we perceive, with all its complexities and dynamics, is itself a kind of illusion — something that is constantly changing and in motion, yet never fully graspable in its true essence. This line reflects the idea that the material world is transient and ever-changing, and our understanding of it is limited and shaped by our perceptions, which are themselves illusory.
The Relationship Between Perception and Reality: This couplet encapsulates a profound philosophical and mystical insight into the nature of perception and reality. It suggests that our understanding of existence, non-existence, and the world at large is deeply influenced by our perceptions, which can deceive or mislead us from understanding the true nature of things.
The Sufi View of the Transient World: The imagery used in this couplet is reflective of the Sufi view that the material world is ephemeral and not the ultimate reality. The ‘illusion in motion’ is a metaphor for the constant flux and impermanence of life, reminding us that what we see and experience is just a small part of a much larger, unfathomable divines part, existence, universe or everything.
Interpretation
Rumi beautifully conveys the concept of the illusory nature of existence and the limitations of human perception. It invites the reader to reflect on the deeper nature of reality, beyond the transient and ever-changing world that we perceive with our senses. This verse challenges us to contemplate the mysteries of existence and non-existence, and the role of our perceptions in shaping our understanding of the world. It’s a profound meditation on the elusive nature of ultimate truth and the Sufi pursuit of understanding beyond the superficial layer of material existence.
بر خیالی صلحشان و جنگشان
وز خیالی فخرشان و ننگشان
Their conflicts and peace, on phantoms they rest,
Their honor and shame, from dreams manifest.
Literal Translation
Their peace and their war are upon an illusion,
Their pride and their shame are from an illusion.
Prelude
The Illusory Basis of Conflict and Peace: The first line, “Their peace and their war are upon an illusion,” suggests that the conflicts (wars) and resolutions (peace) that occupy human endeavors are often based on illusory foundations. In Rumi’s perspective, the reasons for which people fight or reconcile are transient and not based on the deeper truths of existence. This line points to the idea that much of human conflict and harmony is rooted in misunderstandings or misconceptions about the nature of life and reality.
The Ephemeral Nature of Pride and Shame: The second line, “Their pride and their shame are from an illusion,” extends this concept to the emotions of pride and shame. Rumi suggests that what humans often take pride in or feel shame about is also based on illusory, superficial understandings of the world and oneself. This speaks to the transient and often misguided basis for our feelings of honor and disgrace, indicating that they are rooted in societal or personal illusions rather than in any enduring or absolute truth.
The Sufi Perspective on the Transience of Worldly Matters: The entire couplet reflects a key theme in Sufi philosophy: the transience and illusory nature of worldly matters. Whether it’s conflict, peace, pride, or shame, Rumi highlights that these are all based on fleeting, impermanent perceptions and not on the eternal truths of the universe.
A Call for Deeper Understanding: This narrative is a call to look beyond the superficial layers of existence that often preoccupy human life. It suggests that by understanding the illusory nature of these aspects, one can rise above petty conflicts and misleading emotions to seek a deeper, more meaningful understanding of life and reality.
Interpretation
This couplet beautifully captures the ephemeral and illusory nature of human conflicts, emotions, and societal values. It encourages a deeper contemplation of the reasons behind our actions and feelings, suggesting that many of them are based on misconceptions or shallow perceptions. Rumi invites us to transcend these illusions and seek a deeper, more profound understanding of existence, where true peace and self-awareness lie. It’s a poignant reminder of the Sufi pursuit of truth beyond the superficiality of worldly appearances and emotions.
آن خیالاتی که دام اولیاست
عکس مهرویان بستان خداست
The illusions that saints diligently face,
Are mirrors reflecting the moon’s gentle grace.
Literal Translation
Those illusions that are the trap for the saints,
Are reflections of the moon-faced ones in God’s garden.
Prelude
Illusions as a Divine Test for the Saints: The first line, “Those illusions that are the trap for the saints,” addresses a profound concept in Sufi mysticism: the idea that certain illusions or worldly distractions are, in fact, tests or trials for spiritual seekers (‘the saints’). These ‘traps’ are not necessarily negative; instead, they are challenges or hurdles placed by the divine to test, strengthen, and deepen the spiritual understanding and resolve of the seeker. It implies that the path to spiritual enlightenment is not straightforward but is fraught with deceptive appearances and illusions that one must navigate.
The Beauty of the Divine as a Reflection in Creation: The second line, “Are reflections of the moon-faced ones in God’s garden,” presents a mesmerizing image of divine beauty and its manifestations in the world. The ‘moon-faced ones’ is a poetic expression in Persian literature often used to describe beings of extraordinary beauty. In this context, it symbolizes the beauty and perfection of divine attributes reflected in creation. Rumi suggests that the illusions and trials in the world are, in essence, reflections of this divine beauty — they are part of the intricate and beautiful tapestry of existence crafted by the divine.
The Interplay Between Divine Beauty and Spiritual Trials: This couplet encapsulates the complex interplay between the beauty of divine creation and the spiritual trials that seekers encounter. It suggests that the very things that challenge or deceive us spiritually are also reflections of divine beauty. This duality is a reminder that divine wisdom and beauty are often hidden within the complexities and challenges of life.
The Sufi Path of Recognizing Divine Beauty in All Things: The narrative woven here speaks to a key aspect of the Sufi path: the pursuit of recognizing and understanding the divine presence or is itself in all aspects of life, even in those that seem deceptive or challenging. It’s a call to look beyond the surface and appreciate the deeper spiritual significance and beauty in the world around us.
Interpretation
Rumi’s eloquently portrays the idea that the challenges and illusions in life are both tests for spiritual seekers and reflections of divine beauty. It invites a contemplation of the paradoxical nature of the spiritual journey, where the very obstacles on the path can be manifestations of the divine’s beauty and wisdom. This verse encourages an appreciation of the deeper meanings and beauty in the complexities of life, guiding the seeker to a more profound understanding of the divine and the nature of existence.
آن خیالی که شه اندر خواب دید
در رخ مهمان همی آمد پدید
The dream that the king in his slumber beheld,
In the stranger’s face, a story foretold.
Literal Translation
The vision that the king saw in his dream,
Came to appear on the face of the guest.
Prelude
The Vision in the King’s Dream: The first line, “The vision that the king saw in his dream,” introduces us to a dream or a vision experienced by a king — a figure often symbolizing the self or the soul in Rumi’s poetry. Dreams in Sufism are considered significant; they are often viewed as a medium through which deeper truths or spiritual insights are revealed. This line suggests that the king (or the seeker) has had a profound, possibly prophetic, dream that holds some significant meaning or insight.
Manifestation of the Dream in Reality: The second line, “Came to appear on the face of the guest,” reveals that the vision or insight from the dream manifests itself in reality, specifically in the person of a guest. This guest’s arrival and their connection to the king’s dream signify the interplay between the dream world and the physical world, a common theme in mystical literature. It suggests that spiritual insights or revelations in dreams can find their echoes or reflections in real-life events or people.
The Interconnection Between Inner and Outer Worlds: This couplet beautifully encapsulates the idea that our inner experiences, such as dreams and visions, are deeply connected to our external reality. The manifestation of the dream’s vision on the guest’s face implies a synchronicity between the king’s internal spiritual journey and his external encounters. It speaks to the concept that the external world often mirrors our inner state and that profound inner experiences can have tangible manifestations.
The Role of the ‘Other’ in Spiritual Realization: The narrative also touches on the theme that others — in this case, the guest — often play a crucial role in our spiritual realization and journey. The guest becomes a vehicle for the king’s understanding of his dream, symbolizing how interactions with others can be pivotal in gaining insights and understanding our own spiritual experiences.
Interpretation
This couplet from Rumi’s “Masnavi” illustrates the mysterious connection between the dream world and the physical world, highlighting how spiritual insights and visions can manifest in our everyday lives. It invites reflection on the nature of our dreams and the significance they may hold, encouraging a deeper exploration of the ways in which our internal spiritual journey is reflected in the world around us. This verse, rich in symbolism, underscores the importance of being attentive to the signs and manifestations that arise from our deep subconscious and connect us to the larger tapestry of life.
شه به جای حاجبان فا پیش رفت
پیش آن مهمان غیب خویش رفت
Past guards, the king advanced alone,
To meet his guest, the unseen known.
Literal Translation
The king went forward in place of the chamberlains,
He went to meet that guest, moving towards the unseen.
Prelude
The King’s Humble Approach: The first line, “The king went forward in place of the chamberlains,” portrays the king, often a symbol of the self or the soul, bypassing the usual protocols represented by the chamberlains. In Sufi symbolism, this act can be seen as a metaphor for setting aside the ego and the formalities of worldly status. It reflects a moment of humility, where the king (the seeker) approaches directly without the intermediaries that usually denote power and prestige. This action signifies a willingness to engage on a more authentic and humble level.
Moving Towards the Unseen Guest: The second line, “He went to meet that guest, moving towards the unseen,” introduces a significant spiritual concept. The ‘guest’ here could symbolize a divine presence, a spiritual guide, or a profound truth. Moving towards the unseen indicates the king’s (or the seeker’s) journey towards deeper spiritual understanding, venturing beyond the visible and tangible world into the realm of the mystical and the unknown.
The Dissolution of Barriers: The king’s act of moving forward without the chamberlains represents the dissolution of barriers between the self (most importantly the ego) and the divine. In Sufi thought, the journey towards God involves shedding the layers of ego and worldly illusion. The king’s direct approach signifies a moment of spiritual clarity and the removal of intermediaries that usually distance one from direct divine engagement.
The Sufi Path of Direct Encounter with the Divine: This narrative is reflective of the Sufi path, where the seeker is encouraged to personally and directly engage with the divine. The act of going to meet the unseen guest symbolizes the soul’s direct pursuit of divine knowledge, bypassing the distractions and illusions of the material world.
Interpretation
Rumi beautifully illustrates a moment of humility and direct spiritual pursuit. It depicts the king (symbolizing the seeker) bypassing traditional intermediaries to directly engage with a significant, albeit unseen, guest. This verse invites us to reflect on our own spiritual journey and the importance of seeking direct engagement with the divine or the deeper truths of life. It underscores the significance of humility, the dissolution of ego, and the direct pursuit of spiritual understanding, central themes in Sufi mysticism.
هر دو بحری آشنا آموخته
هر دو جان بی دوختن بر دوخته
As oceans mingling, their knowledge deep,
Soul to soul, a bond, an eternal leap.
Literal Translation
Both are oceans acquainted, having learned from each other,
Both souls are stitched together without any sewing.
Prelude
The Meeting of Two Enlightened Souls: The first line, “Both are oceans acquainted, having learned from each other,” evokes the image of two vast, profound entities — symbolized as oceans — that have come to know each other deeply. In Sufi poetry, the ocean is often a metaphor for the boundless, deep, and mystical aspects of existence or the divine. This line suggests a meeting of two enlightened souls or beings who, through their shared wisdom and experience, have come to a profound understanding of one another. It speaks to the depth and richness of spiritual connection when two individuals share and learn from each other’s spiritual journeys.
The Unseen Bond of Souls: The second line, “Both souls are stitched together without any sewing,” uses the metaphor of stitching to describe an invisible yet unbreakable bond between these souls. This line beautifully captures the essence of a deep spiritual connection — one that is not formed through physical means (‘without any sewing’) but through a more profound, intangible bond. It suggests a unity that transcends physicality, indicating a connection at a much deeper, spiritual level and oneness of two entities, yet being apart and one (duality nature).
The Unity Beyond Physical Realms: The imagery of souls being stitched together without sewing reflects the Sufi concept of unity — that all beings are intrinsically connected at a fundamental level, beyond the physical realm. It implies that true spiritual connections are not based on external factors but are a result of inner affinity and mutual spiritual understanding.
The Essence of Spiritual Companionship: This couplet encapsulates the essence of spiritual companionship and unity. It suggests that when individuals embark on a journey of spiritual growth and understanding, they can find profound connections with others on similar paths. These connections are based on mutual understanding, shared wisdom, and a deep, invisible bond that unites their souls.
Interpretation
In this couplet Rumi beautifully portrays the deep and profound connection that can exist between two spiritually enlightened beings. It speaks to the idea that such connections are related to oceans meeting — vast, deep, and rich in shared wisdom. The imagery of souls stitched together without sewing emphasizes the intangible and profound nature of these connections, transcending physicality and existing in the realm of the spiritual. This verse invites us to reflect on the nature of our spiritual connections and the invisible bonds that unite us with others on our spiritual journey.
گفت معشوقم تو بودستی نه آن
لیک کار از کار خیزد در جهان
“My love, ’twas you, not the mirage I chased,
In this world of action, our fate is laced.
Literal Translation
He said, ‘My beloved, it was you, not that one,
But from actions, actions arise in the world.
Recognition of the True Beloved: The first line, “He said, ‘My beloved, it was you, not that one,’” speaks to a moment of realization and recognition in the realm of love. This line suggests a moment where the speaker recognizes the true object of their affection or spiritual longing being the divine and not the maiden. The maiden was just a means to an end (God), but not the end. In the context of Sufi poetry, where the beloved often symbolizes the divine or the ultimate truth, this line indicates a turning point in the seeker’s journey — the realization of who or what their true ‘beloved’ is, as opposed to mistaken or superficial attachments.
The Consequence of Actions: The second line, “But from actions, actions arise in the world,” reflects on the law of cause and effect, a common theme in spiritual and philosophical teachings. This line suggests that every action brings about a chain of reactions or consequences — as the king fell in love, he seek help for maidens treatment, eventually discovering his souls calling for the divine and entering the mosque.
The Complexity of Spiritual Realization: The narrative also touches on the complexity of spiritual realization. The moment of recognizing the true beloved is pivotal, yet it doesn’t exist in isolation — it is part of a larger tapestry of actions, experiences, actions and their consequences. This reflects the Sufi understanding that spiritual realization is not just a moment of enlightenment but a long persistent process.
Interpretation
Rumi’s elegantly captures a profound moment of recognition in the realm of love, intertwined with the acknowledgment of the consequences of one’s actions. It highlights the complex interplay between realization, affection, and the ongoing impact of actions in the world. This verse encourages a deeper reflection on the nature of our attachments, realizations, and the way our actions contribute to our spiritual and worldly journey.
ای مرا تو مصطفی من چو عمر
از برای خدمتت بندم کمر
Me for you, as chosen, a bond divine,
In your service, my life, I willingly entwine.”
Literal Translation
O, you are my Mustafa, and I am like Umar,
For your service, I gird my loins.
Prelude
Spiritual Allegiance and Roles: The first line, “O, you are my Mustafa, and I am like Umar,” establishes a relationship between the speaker and the addressed, likening it to the historical relationship between the Prophet Muhammad of Islam (referred to as Mustafa, meaning ‘the chosen one’) and Umar ibn Al-Khattab, one of his most devoted companions and second Rashidun caliph. This comparison is deeply symbolic in Sufi poetry. The speaker positions themselves as Umar, renowned for his dedication and service to the Prophet, thus expressing a deep level of devotion and commitment to the addressed, who is likened to Mustafa (the Prophet Muhammad). This line conveys a sense of spiritual allegiance and a willingness to emulate the dedication that Umar had for the Prophet.
Commitment to Service: The second line, “For your service, I gird my loins,” uses the metaphor of girding one’s loins — preparing oneself for hard work or a significant task — to express the speaker’s readiness and eagerness to serve. In historical and cultural context, girding one’s loins was a sign of preparation and commitment. This line emphasizes the speaker’s dedication and readiness to undertake whatever tasks or challenges lie ahead in their spiritual journey or service.
The Path of Devotion in Sufism: This couplet beautifully encapsulates the path of devotion in Sufism, where the relationship between the devotee and the divine (or spiritual guide) is often mirrored through historical or allegorical figures. The speaker’s self-identification with Umar, known for his unwavering loyalty to the Prophet Muhammad, signifies a deep commitment to following the spiritual path with dedication and fervor.
The Essence of Spiritual Commitment and Service: The narrative woven here speaks to the essence of spiritual commitment and service. It is not merely about the acts of service themselves but about the inner readiness and willingness to serve and embark on the spiritual journey with determination and devotion. The couplet conveys a message of unwavering dedication to the spiritual guide or the divine path, reminder of the devotion shown by historical figures in Islamic tradition.
Interpretation
This Masnavi’s couplet expresses a profound spiritual commitment, drawing an analogy with the historical figures of the Prophet Muhammad and Umar ibn Al-Khattab. It illustrates the speaker’s deep dedication to serving their spiritual guide (God) or the divine path, echoing the devotion and readiness exemplified by Umar. This verse invites reflection on the depth of commitment and preparation required on the spiritual journey, emphasizing the importance of dedication, loyalty, and readiness to serve in the pursuit of spiritual growth and understanding.
*** END OF MY MEDIOCRE WORK ***
